Fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders and basic principle for their correction.

Semester 7th ()

Hours 2

Teachers

Description

ECTS Credits

5

Course Type

Background, Skills development

Teaching and Assessment Language

Greek

The Course is Offered to Erasmus Students

No

Course Content

• Introduction and basic principles of solutions
  • Solvent measurement units
  • Movement of solvents
  • Water movement
  • Osmotic pressure - Solutions tonicity
• Distribution and composition of body fluids
  • Volume and distribution of body fluids
  • Composition of body fluids. Intracellular and extracellular space
• Water balance - Dehydration - Hydratation
  • Daily requirements and mandatory fluid losses
  • Water balance
  • Losses of fluids from various systems - clinical picture and laboratory findings
  • Causes - Clinical picture - Laboratory findings of overhydration
• Effect of pathological conditions on fluid balance
  • Non-specific effects of trauma and acute conditions on fluid balance
  • Capillary escape of albumin
  • Effect of acid states on potassium balance
  • Organ disorders affecting fluid balance
• Types of intravenous solutions
  • Sodium chloride solutions
  • Glucose solutions
  • Balanced solutions
  • Colloid solutions
  • Mannitol
• Estimation and monitoring of patients receiving intravenous solutions
  • Clinical parameters for assessing the administration of fluids
  • Laboratory parameters for assessing fluid delivery
  • Monitoring of body weight
  • Monitor urinary excretion
  • Importance of measurement of serum chloride
• Administration of maintenance fluids
  • Intravenous fluid types for maintenance
  • Choosing a rate of fluid delivery
  • Administration of maintenance fluids tgroups of patients with special characteristics (elderly - obese)
• Administration of fluids tpatients with sodium homeostasis disorders
  • Liquid administration tpatients with hyponatraemia
  • Liquid administration in patients with hypernatremia
• Fluid delivery during the recovery phase
  • Types of intravenous fluids given during the resuscitation phase. Advantages and complications
  • Volume of intravenous fluids and clinical targets
• Fluid delivery tsepsis
  • Systemic Inflammatory Reaction Syndrome (SIRS) - Seizure - Severe Heart Attack - Septic Stroke - Diarrheaal Escape
  • Comparison of administration of crystalline and colloidal solutions. Advantages and disadvantages
  • Volume of administration of intravenous solutions and clinical targets
• Administration of fluids tpatients with volume loss or fluid distribution disorders
  • Fluid administration principles trestore volume and ongoing losses
  • Administration of fluids tpatients with fluid loss from the gastrointestinal tract
  • Administration of fluids tpatients with pancreatitis
  • Administration of fluids tpatients with fluid management disorders
• Fluids administration tthe surgical patient
  • Pre-operative and intraoperative administration of intravenous solutions tthe patient undergoing intra-abdominal surgery
  • Administration of intravenous solutions tthe patient with regional / senile anesthesia
  • Administration of intravenous solutions tneurosurgery and gynecological patients
  • Administration of intravenous solutions tthe patient with a burn
• Complications of fluid administration
  • Effect of crystalline and colloidal solutions on coagulation
  • Volume disorders
  • Electrolyte disturbances
  • Acid-base balance disorders
• Clinical examples of fluid administration
• Clinical examples of fluid administration

Teaching and Learning Methods - Αssessment

Teaching Method
Lectures

Teaching Organization

Activity	Workload per semester
Lectures	25
Autonomous studying	25

 

Student Assessmen

Written multiple choice examination

Scope

Learning Outcomes

Students with the successful completion of the course will be able to evaluate the need for fluid delivery in stable and pathological conditions. They will also be in position of evaluating and preventing possible complications and effects of different kinds of fluids administration on the intravascular and extravascular volume and the acid-base balance.

General Abilities

Search, analyze and synthesize data and information, using the necessary technologies
Autonomous work
Decision making